Cooperative Learning and Student Achievement Essay

Cooperative Learning and Student Achievement - Essay Example Many studies have indicated that cooperative learning is indeed more beneficial to student achievement than the individualistic approach; however, there are distinctions and conditions that must be met in order for learners to benefit from being involved in cooperative learning (Yamarika, 2007). This essay discusses the benefits and conditions for effective cooperative learning. Benefits of Cooperative Learning Cooperative learning enables students to benefit from the efforts and successes of fellow students, giving each student the chance to contribute to the success and achievement of self and that of others. In addition, it allows students to recognize their abilities by making the contributions of each group member a valuable component of the learning process. Since each student has different talents and abilities, the groups benefit from the contributions of members and each member feels as a valuable component of the team due to the knowledge that the group may not have an idea until one contributes it. Moreover, individual achievement is celebrated by the whole group since group members feel that they played a role in the success, which motivates them to try harder (Yamarika, 2007). Some of the benefits of cooperative learning include: Cooperative learning results in better learning and academic achievement as compared to other learning approaches. Cooperative learning increases retention of content learned in class by students for later application. Students derive greater satisfaction from the learning experience, and they are encouraged to seek more knowledge. Students develop communication skills as they explain the subject matter to others and listen as their peers explain a point. Students develop social skills that are necessary as survival skills after school. Student self-esteem is boosted as students realize that they can learn on their own, and they have knowledge that others do not have. Cooperative learning promotes healthy interactions betw een students from various races, religions and other socioeconomic backgrounds. All these factors have positive effects on a student’s grade, and that is why cooperative learning in schools should be promoted (Roseth, Johnson, & Johnson, 2008). Conditions for Effective Cooperative Learning In order for cooperative learning to be effective, some conditions must be met; failure to meet these conditions may reduce the effectiveness of the approach, or even result in negative results on the learning experience and the performance of learners. If these conditions are met, then cooperative learning proves to be far more an effective approach to learning than individualistic and competitive approaches (Yamarika, 2007). Positive Interdependence Each group member’s contribution is unique and necessary for the success of the group, and members should be encouraged to participate as the input of each of them is directly related to the group achievement. The group should avoid foc using on the contributions of some members and ignoring the contributions or questions of others so that the group can learn as a holistic unit and not as disjointed units of individuals (Johnson & Johnson, 2009). Face-to-face Interaction This allows members to interact directly with each other in the form of oral explanation of concepts, teaching others new knowledge, analysis of level of

Financial Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Financial Analysis - Essay Example The weak market efficiency version is supported for the Pace Plc group based on the information available from the share prices. The share prices have shown fluctuating trends. While compared with those of the trends in the market indices like FTSE 250 index and technology, hardware and equipment index the trends are similar and in some years outperformed the market movements and have not declined significantly, which supports the weak form of market efficiency for the company. Hence based on the analysis in this report, it can be recommended that investors can buy the stocks of the company in spite of the fact that the company has shown poor performance in the context of global economic crisis in 2007. The evidence shows support in favour of improved financial performance in 2008 and 2009 and is still going on increasing. Financial Statements of a company are intended to give valuable information about the financial health of the company to its owner investors and lenders (Tracy, 2004). In other words, they are supposed to give information about the financial position, performance and changes in financial position of the company. In this report, the financial performance of Pace Plc listed in the London Stock Exchange is analyzed. The objective of the study is to analyze the financial performance of the group and to recommend whether or not to invest in the company’s shares based on the analysis. The financial performance is analyzed using financial ratio analysis and share price analysis. This report is organized as follows. Section 2 discusses the company history and business. Section 3 discusses the methodology. Section 4 discusses the analysis and results. Section 5 concludes the report. Pace Plc is one of the most famous digital TV technology developers in the pay TV industry, with its headquarters in Saltaire, UK (Pace Plc, 2009a). It was founded in 1982. It has

A Report On Leadership: Abraham Lincoln

A Report On Leadership: Abraham Lincoln In 1841 Lincoln married to Mary Todd and he had two children Robert Todd Lincoln and Edward Barker Lincoln. Edward Barker Lincoln died because of tuberculosis and then there was a birth of Willie, even Willie died of a fever. Then Lincolns fourth son Tad was born and outlived his father, but even he also died at the age of 18. This made him upset a lot and he also suffered from clinical depression. Lincoln was successful in becoming the President of United States in 1860. Being a president he concentrated on the military and political dimension of the war, he was always trying to reunify the nation because of doing this he experienced unprecedented war powers. Lincoln closely supervised the war especially in selecting the top generals, he brought leaders of both different parties into is cabinet and pressured them to coordinate. Under the leadership of Lincoln the union took control of board of slave states at begin of the war to capture confederated capital at Richmond and he was succeeded in 1865. As the leader of Republican Party, he was attacked from all sides few people were seeing him as an enemy. Lincoln fought back strongly. After the surrender by confederate army he became victim to an assassin. He was the first president to suffer such a fate. The journey to his destination was filled with hurdles and sorrows. But this road to success would definitely remain inspirational to anybody who would aspire to become a leader. Lincoln entered into the political world and soon became a much loved among Republicans and nominated Lincoln as a candidate for president. Through a series of events, a once illiterate individual became the most powerful person in the U.S Those were the days which had in store for this aspired leader a bag of failures. He failed in business, lost election to the state legislature, speaker of the house, nomination for congress, appointment of land officer, twice to the US senate and nomination for vice president. These failures would have left any person other than Lincoln disheartened and de motivated. But the commendable part of this great man is that it was after all these failures he was elected as a president of the nation which is walking with its head high even to this day. He played a significant role during the civil war in ending slavery and in unifying the nation. At the time of American Revolution there were 1 million African slaves in the colonies, agriculture economy was largely dependent on their labor. Anybody who wanted to end slavery would not take any step towards it because slavery was the key to producing cotton which led to industrial revolution and capitalization. Karl Marx then wrote without slavery, there would be no cotton, without cotton there would be no modern industry. The American Civil War which broke out in the year 1861 was the front seat for Lincoln towards abolition of slavery and turning the union army into the army of liberation. He enforced emancipation proclamation in 1865 in southern states where blacks and slavery formed a major part. Lincoln was forced to withdraw emancipation by his Republican Party members with a fear that he would not be re-elected. Adhering to his decision he said if ever he would withdraw then he should deserve to be damned in time and eternity. He was of the opinion that if slavery is not wrong then nothing is wrong. The major effect of emancipation was on the northern whites esp. soldiers of union army. He was successful in bringing one black in every 10 soldiers thereby creating and enlarging their space among the whites. What started as a war to preserve the Union now became a battle to end slavery. Approximately two hundred thousand African Americans fought for the Union cause. In American history no president ever faced a greater crisis and no President ever accomplished as much Lincoln did. Abraham Lincoln understood that for the U.S. to be a great nation, it required to be united and should be free from the sins of slavery. A moral nation that boasts life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness for all cannot be masters of human beings. With an iron resolve, patience and careful timing, Lincoln gave back an America that was indeed free and whole. (http://books.google.co.in/books?id=Epsf5z_bL6UCprintsec=frontcoverdq=abraham+lincoln+biographyhl=enei=izwGTbqDI8TprAfou5SRDwsa=Xoi=book_resultct=book-thumbnailresnum=1ved=0CDcQ6wEwAA#v=onepageqf=false) (http://www.usafis.org/newsletter/Abraham_lincoln.asp?af=) (http://www.dailynewarticles.com/article/450/69011/Abe_Lincoln_An_Extraordinary_Leader.html) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln) QUALITIES EXPECTED: The ability for being a leader in his own field is not an inborn talent its the result of the number of years being spent in ones life exploring oneself and the world. It is in this due course that he starts understanding his own needs and characteristics and also of the fellow participants. In the mean time he builds confidence and trust among his team mates. Being a leader doesnt mean doing it all by yourself to prove your capability on the task, it is controlling the group and leading them in the right direction. A group works together can be best when everybody is headed in the same direction. If a plan has to be properly carried out somebody must lead the effort. An effective leader is a one, who has following qualities. Creating an inspiring vision of future. Inspiring and motivating people towards that vision. Managing delivery of vision. Coaches and builds a team to achieve that vision. Creating an inspiring vision of future In any field a vision is practical, convincing and attractive illustration of where you want to be in the future. Vision provides direction in achieving it. Once there is a vision, leaders must make them compelling and realistic. A compelling vision is one that people can understand, feel and embrace the vision. Effective leaders are one who provides a rich picture of how the future looks like. They try to tell stories and explain their vision in the ways the people can understand and cope up with him. Inspiring and motivating people towards that vision. A vision provides the foundation for leadership, but its ability of the leaders to inspire and motivate the people to help them to drive the vision. Here the people respect and believe in leaders because these leaders are expert in what they do, because these leaders would have earned the right to ask people to listen to them and follow them. This helps leaders to inspire and motivate the people to achieve the vision. Managing delivery of vision This is where management comes to picture. Here, the leadership relates to management by knowing which approach is batter and when you need to apply it is the key to effective leadership. To achieve the vision leaders must ensure that the work required to deliver that vision is managed and they should ensure that the vision is successful. Coaches and builds a team to achieve that vision. A leader must ensure that the team members have all the skills and abilities to achieve their vision. They do this by taking and giving the feedback regularly. Leadership also includes looking out for leadership qualities in others. So that by developing the leadership qualities within your team, where you can create an environment where you can be successful in the long term continuously. (http://www.mindtools.com/pages/Newsletters/08Jun10.htm) Qualities that made Abraham Lincoln a great leader, where we have to look out in present day leaders are, Capacity to listen to different points of view Where, Lincoln had a capacity to listen to different points of view and he created a climate where the cabinet members were free to disagree without any fear and give their opinion. At the same time Lincoln knew when to stop the discussion and make the final decision, by taking various opinions from his cabinet members. Ability to learn on the job Lincoln was able to learn from is mistake, acknowledge errors and the move from it. Willingness to share credit for success When there was success Lincoln shared the credit with all members who were involved in it, without taking the credit of success to his own. Willingness to share blame for failure Lincoln spoke up and indicated that he and his entire cabinet were to blame in case of any wrong decision taken. Lincoln stood up for them, when there was a mistake made by his cabinet members. Ability to control emotions When he was working with his cabinet members sometimes he use get angry and frustrated when there was a argument or any bad decision, so he found a way to come out of these emotions. He use sit and write what he referred as hot letter to the individual he was angry with and set the letter aside. Lincoln fallowed this kind of gesture to let the individual know that he was not holing any grudge. Awareness of own weaknesses and strength Lincoln had known his weakness and strength, the weakness acknowledge by Lincoln was his tendency to give people too many chances as he was well aware of how to compensate to his weakness. Know to how to relax and replenish Lincoln always encouraged a healthy atmosphere around him. He understood the importance of relaxation and come out of stress of the day, so that he could concentrate and challenge himself to the next day. Go out into the field and manage directly When there was a civil war going on, many soldiers died and there was lot of ups and downs. Lincoln use to visit the battlefield and hospitals to boost their morale and he use to spend time talking to members of the public, taking their opinion. He always use to maintain a close public relation. Strength to adhere to fundamental goals Lincoln was always firm on his decision making. As when the war was not going well for the north, members of his political party came to Lincoln and said there was no chance to win and he need to give up on slavery. But Lincoln held firm on his decision and turned away from their advice. Ability to communicate goals and vision Abraham Lincoln understood that for the U.S. to be a great nation, it required to be united and should be free from the sins of slavery. He first created an inspiring vision and goals of the future and he was successful in inspiring and motivating the people in achieving that vision. Lincoln was very good in managing and delivery of the vision, he ensured that the vision what was in his mind is managed properly and ensured that the vision and goals are successful. LEADERSHIP ROLES Some of the important leadership roles which coexist in same person where he should be, The Exemplar or Alpha Member The Visionary The Fixer The Connecter The Enforcer The Facilitator The Exemplar or Alpha Member The exemplar or Alpha Member, they are the role models that others imitate. Their role may be just a symbolic even ceremonial but important. They are one who sets an example for others, they are successful and charismatic founders. The Visionary The visionary leader role is to have vision of the future and thinking what is limiting the present and show what will be possible in the future. The visionary leaders should always imagine new possibilities and creating a new facts and realities. Therefore these visionary leaders play a critical role in moving people to new directions. The Fixer The role of the fixer is, an individual who knows how to get things done and measure on not just how many people they know, but how they can get them done which others cannot. The Connector They are the network leaders, who participate in multiple social networks. They are connected not only with a large number of members but also with highly diverse number of members as well. These are the one who have numerous connections and contacts for being complete networkers. Somewhat like the visionary leaders they introduce variety and options into the network. The Enforcer In large networks it is an independent role. Enforcement can mean physical force, but its more often of psychological pressure. It is a very critical for overall network effectiveness. The Facilitator In the process of network to evolve and grow, it should able to add new members. The role of the facilitator is important in creating communities which provide a great form of network value. It resembles more of a community coordinator, which helps in development of communities of practice. This method is developed for helping to create and influence knowledge. Abraham Lincoln not only played an important role as an exemplar, visionary, connector, fixer, enforcer and facilitator during the civil war but also in the events preceding the war. Lincoln had to deal with issues of southern states seceding and also to outbreak of civil war. In conducting the civil war Lincoln had to successfully address array of specific and inter related issues, if union victory was to be attained. These include marshalling the American economy to meet the incredible war needs of several million soldiers, raising a citizens army of volunteers willing to be trained and die for the union, adopting war strategies for the union army, handling foreign affairs, and dealing with the problem of slavery without destroying the democratic freedoms upon which the nation was founded. As you can see Abraham Lincoln played quite an important role not just in one part of the Civil War but in a wide variety of areas. I believe that Lincolns dealings before and during the War not only changed the course of the United States but also saved it. (http://mybestessays.com/role-of-abraham-lincoln-in-civil-war/) CONCLUSION Abraham Lincolns story tells us that he was an incredible human being who started his life from nothing and went on to be a greatest U.S. president, he is one of the influential men in history. He is one of the finest examples of determination of doing something in life and achieving it. Although he faced countless defeats throughout his life, like he lost eight elections and also failed in business in many times. Because of this he could have quitted many times, but he dint. Instead, after each defeat he would come back hard and press forward until he achieved his goals. In American history no president ever faced a greater crisis and no President ever accomplished as much. Lincoln understood that for the U.S. to be a great nation, it needed to be united and free from the sins of slavery. A moral nation that boasts life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness for all cannot be masters of human beings. With an iron resolve, patience and careful timing, Lincoln gave back an America that was indeed free and whole. If we will have to make a note of what qualities of Lincoln have made him a leader whom people admire even after 200 years is the self confidence which he had that made him to surround himself by people better known than he was, his ability to absorb and listen to what people were thinking and feeling. He could see both the sides of any issue. He had the ability to acknowledge his errors, learn from mistakes, shoulder the responsibility and his never give up attitude for the failure. To evaluate talent as a leader some of those emotional strengths are equally important to actual success. As Peter Drucker said Leadership is the lifting of a mans vision to higher sights, the raising of a mans performance to a higher standard, the building of a mans personality beyond its normal limitations. (http://www.the-happy-manager.com/leadership-quotes.html) Abraham Lincoln proved himself by creating a status to all the 11 states freeing them from slavery lifting their visions up to a level equivalent to that of northern whites. Lincoln did not free the slaves, but the slavery had overcome because of the struggle and sacrifices of millions people Black as well as Whites. Here, Lincoln played an important role, he deserved to be remembered as one of the great struggles for freedom in history. BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.quotationspage.com/quote/3607.html http://books.google.co.in/books?id=Epsf5z_bL6UCprintsec=frontcoverdq=abraham+lincoln+biographyhl=enei=izwGTbqDI8TprAfou5SRDwsa=Xoi=book_resultct=book-thumbnailresnum=1ved=0CDcQ6wEwAA#v=onepageqf=false http://www.usafis.org/newsletter/Abraham_lincoln.asp?af= http://www.dailynewarticles.com/article/450/69011/Abe_Lincoln_An_Extraordinary_Leader.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln http://www.mindtools.com/pages/Newsletters/08Jun10.htm http://hr.blr.com/whitepapers/Staffing-Training/Leadership/10-Qualities-that-Made-Abraham-Lincoln-a-Great-Lea/ http://www.the-happy-manager.com/leadership-quotes.html http://mybestessays.com/role-of-abraham-lincoln-in-civil-war/ A Report on LEADERSHIP By: Darshan Kumar. B.L Men make history and not the other way around. In periods where there is no leadership, society stands still. Progress occurs when courageous, skillful leaders seize the opportunity to change things for the better. Harry Truman. (http://www.quotationspage.com/quote/3607.html) ABRAHAM LINCOLN Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809. He was the second child of Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Lincoln. When he was 9, his mother died and his father married to Sarah Bush Johnston. Lincoln became very close to her and uses to call her mother. Lincoln father was not very successful Kentucky frontiersman and carpenter, he has to struggle for living. Lincoln regretted his fathers lack of education and did not like the hard labor connected with is life. But he took all the responsibilities of home as he was the male in the house hold. In 1841 Lincoln married to Mary Todd and he had two children Robert Todd Lincoln and Edward Barker Lincoln. Edward Barker Lincoln died because of tuberculosis and then there was a birth of Willie, even Willie died of a fever. Then Lincolns fourth son Tad was born and outlived his father, but even he also died at the age of 18. This made him upset a lot and he also suffered from clinical depression. As the saying goes, any great personalities past life would not be a bed of roses; same was the case with this black president of US. The man with high imagination, who decided to engage in a head-to-head war for the survival of his country as a union, had a humble beginning. The poverty in the life of early Lincoln made himself educated rather being formally educated giving him a greater positive insight towards life. The fumes in early Lincoln against slavery was lit into fire by the time he attained his late teens and helped him begin his political career at an early age of 23 with a campaign for the Illinois General Assembly. Lincoln was successful in becoming the President of United States in 1860. Being a president he concentrated on the military and political dimension of the war, he was always trying to reunify the nation because of doing this he experienced unprecedented war powers. Lincoln closely supervised the war especially in selecting the top generals, he brought leaders of both different parties into is cabinet and pressured them to coordinate. Under the leadership of Lincoln the union took control of board of slave states at begin of the war to capture confederated capital at Richmond and he was succeeded in 1865. As the leader of Republican Party, he was attacked from all sides few people were seeing him as an enemy. Lincoln fought back strongly. After the surrender by confederate army he became victim to an assassin. He was the first president to suffer such a faith. The journey to his destination was filled with hurdles and sorrows. But this road to success would definitely remain inspirational to anybody who would aspire to become a leader. He entered into the political world and soon became a favorite among Republicans and nominated him as a candidate for president. Through a series of events, a once illiterate individual became the most powerful person in the U.S Those were the days which had in store for this aspired leader a bag of failures. He failed in business, lost election to the state legislature, speaker of the house, nomination for congress, appointment of land officer, twice to the US senate and nomination for vice president. These failures would have left any person other than Lincoln disheartened and de motivated. But the commendable part of this great man is that it was after all these failures he was elected as a president of the nation which is walking with its head high even to this day. He played a significant role during the civil war in ending slavery and in unifying the nation. At the time of American Revolution there were 1 million African slaves in the colonies, agriculture economy was largely dependent on their labor. Anybody who wanted to end slavery would not take any step towards it because slavery was the key to producing cotton which led to industrial revolution and capitalization. Karl Marx then wrote without slavery, there would be no cotton, without cotton there would be no modern industry. The American Civil War which broke out in the year 1861 was the front seat for Lincoln towards abolition of slavery and turning the union army into the army of liberation. He enforced emancipation proclamation in 1865 in southern states where blacks and slavery formed a major part. Lincoln was forced to withdraw emancipation by his Republican Party members with a fear that he would not be re-elected. Adhering to his decision he said if ever he would withdraw then he should deserve to be damned in time and eternity. He was of the opinion that if slavery is not wrong then nothing is wrong. The major effect of emancipation was on the northern whites esp. soldiers of union army. He was successful in bringing one black in every 10 soldiers thereby creating and enlarging their space among the whites. What started as a war to preserve the Union now became a battle to end slavery. Nearly two hundred thousand African Americans fought for the Union cause. No President in American history ever faced a greater crisis and no President ever accomplished as much. Lincoln understood that for the U.S. to be a great nation, it needed to be united and free from the sins of slavery. A moral nation that boasts life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness for all cannot be masters of human beings. With an iron resolve, patience and careful timing, Lincoln gave back an America that was indeed free and whole. (http://books.google.co.in/books?id=Epsf5z_bL6UCprintsec=frontcoverdq=abraham+lincoln+biographyhl=enei=izwGTbqDI8TprAfou5SRDwsa=Xoi=book_resultct=book-thumbnailresnum=1ved=0CDcQ6wEwAA#v=onepageqf=false) (http://www.usafis.org/newsletter/Abraham_lincoln.asp?af=) (http://www.dailynewarticles.com/article/450/69011/Abe_Lincoln_An_Extraordinary_Leader.html) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln) QUALITIES EXPECTED: The ability for being a leader in his own field is not an inborn talent its the result of the number of years being spent in ones life exploring oneself and the world. It is in this due course that he starts understanding his own needs and characteristics and also of the fellow participants. In the mean time he builds confidence and trust among his team mates. Being a leader doesnt mean doing it all by yourself to prove your capability on the task, it is controlling the group and leading them in the right direction. A group works together can be best when everybody is headed in the same direction. If a plan has to be properly carried out somebody must lead the effort. An effective leader is a one, who has following qualities. Creating an inspiring vision of future. Inspiring and motivating people towards that vision. Managing delivery of vision. Coaches and builds a team to achieve that vision. Creating an inspiring vision of future In any field a vision is practical, convincing and attractive illustration of where you want to be in the future. Vision provides direction in achieving it. Once there is a vision, leaders must make them compelling and realistic. A compelling vision is one that people can understand, feel and embrace the vision. Effective leaders are one who provides a rich picture of how the future looks like. They try to tell stories and explain their vision in the ways the people can understand and cope up with him. Inspiring and motivating people towards that vision. A vision provides the foundation for leadership, but its ability of the leaders to inspire and motivate the people to help them to drive the vision. Here the people respect and believe in leaders because these leaders are expert in what they do, because these leaders would have earned the right to ask people to listen to them and follow them. This helps leaders to inspire and motivate the people to achieve the vision. Managing delivery of vision This is where management comes to picture. Here, the leadership relates to management by knowing which approach is batter and when you need to apply it is the key to effective leadership. To achieve the vision leaders must ensure that the work required to deliver that vision is managed and they should ensure that the vision is successful. Coaches and builds a team to achieve that vision. A leader must ensure that the team members have all the skills and abilities to achieve their vision. They do this by taking and giving the feedback regularly. Leadership also includes looking out for leadership qualities in others. So that by developing the leadership qualities within your team, where you can create an environment where you can be successful in the long term continuously. (http://www.mindtools.com/pages/Newsletters/08Jun10.htm) Qualities that made Abraham Lincoln a great leader, where we have to look out in present day leaders are, Capacity to listen to different points of view Where, Lincoln had a capacity to listen to different points of view and he created a climate where the cabinet members were free to disagree without any fear and give their opinion. At the same time Lincoln knew when to stop the discussion and make the final decision, by taking various opinions from his cabinet members. Ability to learn on the job Lincoln was able to learn from is mistake, acknowledge errors and the move from it. Willingness to share credit for success When there was success Lincoln shared the credit with all members who were involved in it, without taking the credit of success to his own. Willingness to share blame for failure Lincoln spoke up and indicated that he and his entire cabinet were to blame in case of any wrong decision taken. Lincoln stood up for them, when there was a mistake made by his cabinet members. Ability to control emotions When he was working with his cabinet members sometimes he use get angry and frustrated when there was a argument or any bad decision, so he found a way to come out of these emotions. He use sit and write what he referred as hot letter to the individual he was angry with and set the letter aside. Lincoln fallowed this kind of gesture to let the individual know that he was not holing any grudge. Awareness of own weaknesses and strength Lincoln had known his weakness and strength, the weakness acknowledge by Lincoln was his tendency to give people too many chances as he was well aware of how to compensate to his weakness. Know to how to relax and replenish Lincoln always encouraged a healthy atmosphere around him. He understood the importance of relaxation and come out of stress of the day, so that he could concentrate and challenge himself to the next day. Go out into the field and manage directly When there was a civil war going on, many soldiers died and there was lot of ups and downs. Lincoln use to visit the battlefield and hospitals to boost their morale and he use to spend time talking to members of the public, taking their opinion. He always use to maintain a close public relation. Strength to adhere to fundamental goals Lincoln was always firm on his decision making. As when the war was not going well for the north, members of his political party came to Lincoln and said there was no chance to win and he need to give up on slavery. But Lincoln held firm on his decision and turned away from their advice. Ability to communicate goals and vision Abraham Lincoln understood that for the U.S. to be a great nation, it needed to be united and free from the sins of slavery. He first created an inspiring vision and goals of the future and he was successful in inspiring and motivating the people in achieving that vision. Lincoln was very good in managing and delivery of the vision, he ensured that the vision what was in his mind is managed properly and ensured that the vision and goals are successful. (http://hr.blr.com/whitepapers/Staffing-Training/Leadership/10-Qualities-that-Made-Abraham-Lincoln-a-Great-Lea/) LEADERSHIP ROLES Some of the important leadership roles which coexist in same person where he should be, The Exemplar or Alpha Member The Visionary The Fixer The Connecter The Enforcer The Facilitator The Exemplar or Alpha Member The exemplar or Alpha Member, they are the role models that others imitate. Their role may be just a symbolic even ceremonial but important. They are one who sets an example for others, they are successful and charismatic founders. The Visionary The visionary leader role is to have vision of the future and thinking what is limiting the present and show what will be possible in the future. The visionary leaders should always imagine new possibilities and creating a new facts and realities. Therefore these visionary leaders play a critical role in moving people to new directions. The Fixer The role of the fixer is, an individual who knows how to get things done and measure on not just how many people they know, but how they can get them done which others cannot. The Connector They are the network leaders, who participate in multiple social networks. They are connected not only with a large number of members but also with highly diverse number of members as well. These are the one who have numerous connections and contacts for being complete networkers. Somewhat like the visionary leaders they introduce variety and options into the network. The Enforcer In large networks it is an independent role. Enforcement can mean physical force, but its more often of psychological pressure. It is a very critical for overall network effectiveness. The Facilitator In the process of network to evolve and grow, it should able to add new members. The ro

Essay --

Why should Philippine government invest in Nuclear power? What is Nuclear energy? Nuclear energy is the energy released in two different processes, which is nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. Fission is the process of splitting a large atom into smaller atoms while fusion is the process of fusing smaller and lighter atoms into a large atom. The number one use of nuclear energy is to generate electricity. Electricity is generated through a Nuclear Power plant or a Nuclear Reactor. Nuclear reactors produces electricity in a much similar way with other power plants produces electricity. The process on how a nuclear reactor produces electricity is that it produces and controls the release of energy from splitting the atoms of certain elements then the energy released is used as heat, which turns water into steam, and then later on the steam is used to generate electricity. The difference of a nuclear power plant to other power plants is in the process on how the heat is created. Other power plants that run on fossil fuels, burn oil, coal or natural gases generate heat. While in a nuclear power plant, it generates heat by splitting the atoms of certain elements like uranium. Nuclear energy requires a large capital for emergencies, storage systems and containment but it has a lot of benefits and the best energy source in the long run. With the depleting sources, nuclear energy is the only energy source that can satisfy global demand, effectively replace fossil fuels and it is more sustainable than other energy sources. Nuclear energy has no greenhouse or acid rain effects and the fuel is inexpensive. Nuclear energy also provides environmental safety because the process on how nuclear energy is generated is that it is one of the clea... ... of energy is coal and recently the government approved to build 17 coal plant more in addition to 15 existing coal plant. But there are so many bad sides of using coal and there is better alternative for coal, the nuclear power. Since energy from coal is not affordable for many people in the Philippines and cost tremendously to environment through causing greenhouse effect and destroying ozone layer. Even though nuclear power is not risk-free like the event in Fukushima’s failure of nuclear plant, however the danger of climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions may be more urgent -- and thus make nuclear a better choice than coal form the environment. Even for waste disposal, a typical coal-burning power plant creates over 300,000 tons of waste ash and sludge each year while a typical nuclear power plant generates 20 metric tons of radioactive waste annually

Lord of the Flies vs. A Separate Peace Essay

In the World Book Dictionary, jealousy is defined as being in an envious condition or feeling. Many can relate to this feeling, because they have personally experienced jealousy before. Although these people may share a similar feeling, the way each individual acts upon his/her feeling is different. Some just ignore their jealous feeling, hoping that it would quickly go away so that they can go on with their daily lives. Others become so overwhelmed that they actually may act on their emotions, expecting that their action would make them feel better. Usually, the contrary occurs. The person does not feel better about himself; instead, bitter feelings, a loss of respect, or even a loss of friendship are common consequences. In the novels Lord of the Flies by William Golding and A Separate Peace by John Knowles, the characters Jack and Gene both experience jealously towards another person, and their actions, motivations, and feelings all circumnavigate around jealousy. In Lord of the Flies, once Jack realizes that Ralph is going to become chief, he totally changes and becomes the antagonist. First of all, Jack acts out on his jealousy by attempting to harm Ralph. Although Jack’s scheme to kill Ralph is unsuccessful, Ralph is still very close to death. In the novel, the reader knows that Jack is plotting to kill Ralph because Samneric informs Ralph, â€Å"They’re going to hunt you tomorrow†¦[Jack] sharpened a stick at both ends.† When Samneric reports that Jack sharpened a stick at both ends, they imply that Jack’s cult plans to decapitate Ralph and stick the prized possession on an end of the stick like it did to the sow. Jack desires to use the head as an offering for the Beastie, a fictional monster that the boys believe haunts the island. As stated before, Jack decides to create a clan from his motivations that arise because of his jealousy. Moreover, since Jack knows that Ralph is always going to be elected chief no matter how many times the group of boys vote, Jack starts his own clan and elects himself as chief. When he does this, he openly tells his colleagues, â€Å"Anyone who wants to hunt when I do can come too.† By stating this, he is simply persuading people to support his feat. As Jack plans the death of Ralph, he does not feel any sense of remorse or guilt for plotting to kill his old friend. Jack is just excited that there will be a big hunt for Ralph. Gene also transforms drastically in A Separate Peace after he realizes that he will never be as athletic as Finny. Finny has always been able to accomplish goals and achievements that no one else can reach. Furthermore, Gene becomes jealous. In response to his covetousness, Gene harms Finny by â€Å"[taking] a step toward [Finny], and then [Gene’s] knees bent and [Gene] jounced the limb.† Gene does this so quickly that he does not realize the consequences in jerking the tree limb. He does not know that his action would affect the rest of Finny’s life. Unlike Jack though, Gene does not seek the support of his friends. All Gene wants is for Finny to understand that Gene did not hurt Finny on purpose, and he is greatly sorry. However, when Gene attempts to explain this to Finny, Finny just brushes it off and tries to convince Gene otherwise. He says, â€Å"I don’t know, I must have just lost my balance. It must have been that†¦I just fell.† Another difference is that after Gene shakes the limb and makes Finny fall and break his leg, he feels guilty about his act of jealousy. Gene actually goes up to Finny numerous times to explain that Gene was actually the one who made Finny break his leg, but Finny does not listen. Finny just stubbornly sticks to his reason to â€Å"[being] clumsy and not watching where [he] was stepping.† Ultimately, Gene is immersed with sorrow and guilt. His envy for Finny not only backfires; it creates endless shame and remorse. In the novels Lord of the Flies by William Golding and A Separate Peace by John Knowles, the main characters’ actions, motivations, and feelings are all outcomes of their jealousy towards another. Jack and Gene share the similarity of attempting to harm another due to their envious motivation. Yet, they are different as seen through their ultimate feelings. Both Jack and Gene aspire to become equal to their rivals, even if they must harm their friends to accomplish self-fulfillment. In the end, Gene suffers from guilt while Jack cannot be more pleased when his newly established clan obeys him to kill Ralph. Richard Griper says it best: â€Å"Jealousy is nothing unless you act upon it.†

Self Fulfilling Prophesy: A Lesson to be Learned

Self-fulfilling Prophesy: A Lesson to be Learned Have you ever had an assumption or belief about someone come true? That is what defines a Self-fulfilling Prophesy. That is, when a person's expectations, thoughts, or beliefs manifest in such a way that in return they become true. These preconceived notions about other people influence how you act toward them and in return this will evoke a response from that person. This response then provides proof of the original expectations. Picking a college roommate can be a tricky thing to do.It eems that I have heard more horror stories about roommates than good stories. This may be attributed to the fact that people are more prone to talk about their problems and negative situations rather than their positive ones. However, my freshman roommate provided me with one heck of an experience. I met Dylan in high school. He attended an opposing school only thirty minutes away from mine. We recognized each other from the basketball court and numero us track events. We soon became friends when we were introduced at a high school party through a utual friend.As we became closer friends we both decided to attend Mississippi State University. I had lined up a roommate for freshman year with someone I grew up with, however due to a scholarship, he decided to attend a different school and left me without a roommate. When discussing this with Dylan, I was not aware that he did not have a roommate and we quickly decided to room together. Dylan and I had not known each other very long and even though he seemed to be a good friend and fit as a roommate, I still was weary of living with him.I had no specific reason to believe that we wouldn't get along but I still could not shake the feeling that things would not go swimmingly. After moving into our dorm, it did not take long for our friendship to take a drastic turn. During fall recruitment into the Greek system, Dylan and I Joined two separate fraternities. It wasn't long after Bid Day that Dylan dropped out of his fraternity. From then on it seemed as if he resented me for Joining a fraternity even though we had gone through recruitment together.He started anging out with an unruly crowd of people and it was not long after that he started neglecting his priorities. I eventually found out that the crowd he was hanging out with was known to dabble in various drugs and everything I did to help Just put us at greater odds. He began to get really sloppy by leaving his clothes and trash everywhere in our small living quarters. He seemed to have no regard for my belongings, or me for that matter. He was sleeping all day, staying out all night, and eating all my food when I was out of the room.When Christmas break came around he had a combined 67 absences in his classes and was carrying a 1. 2 GPA. I was looking for a polite way to tell him we needed to find new roommates when he called me a few days prior to Christmas. He told me that he was going to withdraw from the university and take a break from school. The experience I had first semester of my freshman year is a prime example of a self-fulfilling prophecy. I had a preconceived notion that Dylan and I would not get along as roommates and that notion came to

Celebrate Christmas With Santa Claus Quotes

Celebrate Christmas With Santa Claus Quotes Whoever invented the idea of a heavy-set old man with a flowing white beard coming down a chimney with a bag of goodies must have had a riot of imagination. Some people think he is real. And every year, millions hang up their Christmas stockings so that Santa Claus can leave little goodies from the North Pole for them to enjoy.   If you are a true believer of the goodness of Santa Claus or you just cant get over your childhood fun, check out these Santa Claus quotes. You dont need a sleigh to be transported to the world of magic and beauty.   Santa Claus Quotes Clement Clarke MooreTwas the night before Christmas, when all through the houseNot a creature was stirring, not even a mouse;The stockings were hung by the chimney with care,In hopes that St. Nicholas soon would be there. His eyes - how they twinkled! His dimples, how merry!His cheeks were like roses, his nose like a cherry!His droll little mouth was drawn up like a bow,and the beard on his chin was as white as the snow. Bart SimpsonWhats Santas Little Helper doing to that dog? Looks like hes trying to jump over, but he cant quite make it. Victor BorgeSanta Claus has the right idea - visit people only once a year. Dick GregoryI never believed in Santa Claus because I knew no white dude would come into my neighborhood after dark. Richard LammChristmas is a time when kids tell Santa what they want and adults pay for it. Deficits are when adults tell the government what they want and their kids pay for it. Herbert HooverA good many things go around in the dark besides Santa Claus. H.L. MenckenGod is a Republican, and Santa Claus is a Democrat. Patti SmithEveryone thinks of God as a man - you cant help it - Santa Claus was a man, therefore God has to be a man. Francis P. ChurchAlas! How dreary would be the world if there was no Santa Claus! There would be no childlike faith then, no poetry, no romance to make tolerable this existence. Edwin Osgood GroverSanta Claus is anyone who loves another and seeks to make them happy; who gives himself by thought or word or deed in every gift that he bestows. Paul M. EllThey err who thinks Santa Claus comes down through the chimney; he really enters through the heart. Robert Paul You know youre getting old when Santa starts looking younger.

courbet essays

courbet essays Max Buchon was a friend of Gustave Courbet. Max wrote an essay to publicize Courbets painting of the stonebreakers and a burial at Ornan. He wrote about the two paintings, what he thought about them and what the author thought about them. He also talked about how these paintings were so very realistic in the way the showed the bourgeoisie life. He also argued about Courbet not being a socialist as people thought he was. He showed why he thought that, and what Courbet really intended to do. Buchon starts off by talking about the stonebreakers painting. He says that the painting represents two life-like figures alpha and the omega. He describes the characters of the painting as that poor worker you know. He calls the kid in the picture stupid because misery often leads too stupidity. After describing the child, he describes the old man in the picture. Saying that he is good and a hard worker that probably gives a puff of his smoke to strangers he meets. He describes how good he is because of experience, but also how tired he gets because of his old age. How he works even in holidays to earn money to eat by paving the road for mankind passing by. Buchon seems disturbed by the thought of the stonebreakers not being part of the artist imagination, but actually real people that he sees every day. Then he goes to talk about what he calls Courbets principal work of the year; a burial at Ornans. Max seems fascinated by the amount of work put in by the artist for a burial at Ornans. He tells us how big it is and life like it is because he has seen those people in Ornans. He says they are wearing traditional outfits and that there are many people in the painting but you still have to look at the gravedigger. Again Buchon is concerned with the poorest of the working class. He talks about how the digger is on his knees waiting for the coffin. He says that the gravedig...

African American and American Society Essay Example for Free (#2)

African American and American Society Essay African American (597) , African (466) , Racism (370) , American society (32) company About StudyMoose Contact Careers Help Center Donate a Paper Legal Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Complaints ? African Americans No matter where or when a person lives, skin color, beliefs, class, or history he/she will see a difference in the way every ethnic group is treated. This world has never been fair for anyone. Life can treat a person with the greatest of care or it will treat a person as if he/she is lower than dirt. African Americans are no different. They have faced great hardships and triumphs throughout the years. Since they had been forced from their homeland they have been treated as if they had no rights or thoughts of their own. They were placed in the status of slaves even though they were human beings too. No matter if they were placed in the minority group by the dominate majority group of white Americans they remind structurally pluralism by keeping to their beliefs and traditions. Before and after slavery African Americans did not receive equal treatment. â€Å"Even when slavery ended, Jim Crow laws went into effect meaning that the very best of everything was reserved for white’s only-school, jobs, neighborhoods, hospitals, etc. † (Moore, 2008). In other words, the African Americans took the subordinate status to the dominant white Americans. Their race was used to dictate what rights they would be allowed to have in America. At one point, they did not have the right to be free and over the years they were given that right back. Even though they regained their right to be free, they still were not very free. They were only allowed to eat in certain places, drink from certain fountains, and ride in the back of the bus. This is not what would be called very free. They were not even given the opportunities to receive a quality education or to vote. â€Å"With the 1896 Supreme Court decision in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the separate by equal doctrine was upheld, and the system of segregation in the South was securely in place† (Merger, 2012, pg. 169). When it came to getting a quality education, they were placed at the bottom of the totem pole. The whites receive the best opportunities for receiving a quality education while the African Americans were not. It was not until the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case that African Americans were allowed a better education. â€Å"Separate schools were inherently unequal and imposed an inferior status on black children, causing irreparable psychological change† (Merger, 2012, pg. 173). The rights as citizens were also being denied by not allowing them to vote and make a proper living to take care of theirfamilies. Years ago, African Americans were not allowed to vote, so they had no say in the laws that were made that would deny them their rights as American citizens or human beings. This kept them from changing the laws that kept them from achieving economically and politically. The Civil Right Movement began a new era for African American. It was their gain of the right to vote and be elected to office that gave the some power over their rights as human beings and citizen in the economic and political environment. Even after everything that the African Americans have gone through, they still face prejudice and discrimination in all areas of their lives. It is no wonder that for some it feels as if it is never over. No matter what a person looks like, how he/she talks, their beliefs, where he/she lives, how much money he/she has, or what race he/she may come from we all bleed red and where cut from the same cloth. We all deserve to have the opportunities and resources that are out there to help better ourselves. African Americans are human beings too and they have the same rights as everyone else. African American and American Society. (2016, Dec 19).

Design and critically evaluate an appropriate dissemination strategy Essay

Design and critically evaluate an appropriate dissemination strategy for the research project discussed in Archambault (2012) - Essay Example In order for research to be carried out under this area effectively, the emotions of the children have to be heard from the children themselves. It is by finding out this information from the children that accurate and precise solutions to their problems can be found. Most children of refugees hope that whenever they move to a new place, they will be moving to a better place where they can have their own rooms and the facilities that the Norwegian children enjoy (Archambault, 2012). They keep hoping that they would be moving to a better neighborhood where their friends from school will not be afraid of visiting them. Children are a special category of refugees and they have been ignored or not considered when carrying out research among refugees. They consist of more than a third of all the refugees’ population yet they have never really been studied. Some of the changes that children are required to make are moving to new houses, making new friends, changing schools and changing houses (Archambault, 2012). The parents of the Norwegian refugees have to learn the language first so that they can get jobs and move to where the rest of the citizens live. The frequent moving keeps the hope alive that they will at some point move to the permanent residence. Some of the items they hope to own to consider themselves well off include a washing machine and a decent bathing area. Children in migration are more vulnerable than the rest of the children who do not have to move from one area to another all the time. They are at a risk of getting abused both emotionally and physically. Living in congested areas may make them vulnerable to diseases such as cholera and dysentery. Congestion in the refugee camps makes transmission and outbreaks of diseases very easy. Children are more likely to die from such diseases and therefore they have to be treated with more care. It is necessary that children are taken care of

How would Virtue Ethics be used to solve moral controversies What Essay

How would Virtue Ethics be used to solve moral controversies What would Virtue Ethics say is the right action in regards to abortion - Essay Example Contextually, moral controversies and its impact on the society is vital and hence, the effect of virtue ethics is an important considerate in this regard. The discussion henceforth also stresses on the fact that the impact of social issues like abortion may lead to the death of several lives in the society and create a moral controversy. Virtue ethics, in its simplest form, implies the good character of individuals and their awareness of the moral rights they have. According to virtue ethics, a virtuous person will have his attention towards avoiding social moral controversies, as they focus towards the nature of the issue. In this context, it can be stated that virtue ethics focuses more upon the aspect to how an individual should live and portray his/her characteristics and express wisdom towards solving issues. Accordingly, these aspects and positive traits of the people minimize the risk of moral controversies to a considerable extent (British Philosophical Association, n.d.). Virtue ethics is based upon three tenets to avoid the moral controversies, which includes ‘agent-based theories, Eudaimonism, and the ethics of care’. In other words, virtue ethics is a form of â€Å"Modern Moral Philosophy†, which implies that every individual living in a society needs to have rational thoughts to avoid controversies. Hence, virtue implies towards the right action of an individual guided by their moral obligations (British Philosophical Association, n.d.). Concerning abortion, the right attitude or virtue depends upon the relevance of action, based on correct information. As virtue ethics refers fetus to be a life, and because killing a life is against the moral consideration, virtue ethics refers abortion as a wrong action. However, the action of abortion can be referred as virtuous, if the decision is based on accurate information, independence and self-determination by the expecting mother and the pregnancy may be a

Role of Examination in Education Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Role of Examination in Education - Assignment Example Whether physically, mentally, emotionally, and even in the spiritual and financial, it plays a big part on the success of the examination. As Physical education's primary goals include: the development of motor skills and physical fitness; and with the inclusion of growth in the cognitive and affective domains; social interaction and the encouragement to appreciate the successes and achievements of others. It is therefore, worthy to try to understand one's self and the pressures and forces which makes one respond or react, and be able to prepare for it. Mental preparation or the kind of mind setting is important in taking an exam. A mind that is already defeated beforehand would of course produce a negative result. Worrying on whether to pass or not tends the body to get tensed and muscles tighten. The state of being of an individual before taking an exam matters for it stabilizes one's focus and concentration, and be able to filter information needed to answer most especially essay questions. An examiner is able to organise insights and ideas needed to explain or support his propositions thus, making a desirable or excellent result. With the very nature of time that it cannot be recycled, time management is very significant to an examination result. ... Though some are wise in time management, constraints happen when less time is left to complete the answers. Reading Comprehension/Understanding instructions/Vocabulary Instructions direct the orderliness of an examiner's answers, and poorly constructed instructions would lead to failing examination result - both on the teacher's and the examiner. However, part of the instruction is the ability to understand the requirement of the question. Wherein in most cases, and as a result of the examination, uninformed candidates made little analysis or careful reading on questions and attempted to use whatever knowledge they had regardless of the question. As it is considered to be one of the common hindrances in producing good examination results, students suffering from it are the ones that fail. Reading may be a skill, but common problems during examinations, many students fail to achieve marks because of the inability to understand terminology with specific words or phrases highlighted in the question. It is often misunderstood especially those relating to work covered in the AS course. With the exception of the few, there were candidates who found it difficult to describe terms and consequently gave rather vague and rambling responses. The use of technical language, particularly in the synoptic questions, remains weak for many candidates. Using non-technical language will often result in candidates giving vague and generalised responses that normally fail to answer the question. As questions should be clear resulting to 'clear' answers, there was a fairly even spread between candidates who were able to identify particular body types and those

Analyse the role of peer and self-assessment in the assessment process Essay

Analyse the role of peer and self-assessment in the assessment process - Essay Example In case of weakness, they learn from their mistakes and study how to tame or counter them. This learning method helps to remove the notion that learning is just a passive process where students listen to someone and get what he says. Here one listens to themselves and their peers. This process makes students more involved in the learning process. The more involved they are, the more effective the learning process is. David klob defines self-assessment learning as a process a spiral learning way, which takes into consideration all the fundamentals of learning. These are thinking, reflecting, experiencing, and acting. This makes it very effective (Lippincott, J. 1999, 67). This learning method also helps one to know the requirements that they need in order to achieve a certain goal. Having known their strengths and weakness, this is easier since they know the target they have to set for certain disciplines. They tend to know their expectations, and how to achieve them. Self-assessment can be used in two ways. It can be used in a summative or formative way. In most cases, it is used formatively. In formative ones, peer sets their standards for them; whereas, summative mostly includes the use of group work to set ones target (Catherine. 2011, 25). Lippincott, J. K., 1999. Collaboration Between Librarians And Information Technologists A Case Study Employing Kolbs Experiential Learning Theory, Thesis (Ph. D.)--University Of Maryland at College

Reality Television shows Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reality Television shows - Essay Example Reality television began back in the 1950s. The show that is dubbed as â€Å"the granddaddy of reality TV† was a show known as Candid Camera. This show aired in 1948, and it was basically centered on taping how people would react to pranks, much like Punk’d. This show was responsible for placing hidden cameras or microphones in backyards or households, they were already there in the eyes and ears of concerned and vigilant citizens encouraged by government propaganda to report any signs of â€Å"un-American† activity (Holmes and Jermyn, 35). The very first Miss America pageant was aired in 1954, making the winner an instant celebrity. Since then, there have been many reality shows that have taken the nation by storm. Shows such as The Dating Game, An American Family, Big Brother, The Real World, American Idol, and so much more. People keep coming back to the show because they can associate to it, they fact that it’s unscripted makes the characters on the sh ow more relatable, and it offers you an inside view to almost anywhere. The hidden camera could document the world of institutions, from the judiciary system to the mental hospital (Oullette and Murray, 25) There are many genres on the reality TV front; one that is picking a lot of fans is the Reality competition genre. These shows follow the format of non-tournament elimination contests. The common scenario is the participants are filmed competing to win a prize, often living together in a confined environment. Usually, it goes on until only one person or one team is left, and they’re declared the winner/s. The elimination can be done either by voting, or by judges selecting who passes through. Examples of such shows are Big Brother, American Idol, America’s Got Talent, Star Search, etc. These shows don’t just come to mind. Social scientists continue to serve as consultants in reality TV to this day, screening contestants for shows and helping to design situati ons and guidelines for interaction (Oullette and Murray, 26). One show that has captivated is Survivor. This show was created in 1997 by Charlie Parsons. It premiered on May 31, 2000 on CBS. It was hosted by Jeff Probst and produced by Mark Burnett. As a result of the show, the latter has a second career as a management consultant, serving as motivational speaker and helping executives develop skills to compete effectively in the corporate â€Å"jungle† (Oullette and Murray, 27). The show centers on a group of castaways in different tribes left out in the middle of nowhere, and they must search and provide their own food, shelter, water, fire and they must look out for themselves. There are weekly challenges where rewards such as fine food, or much-needed rest is offered. The last three or two that are left standing are usually left at the mercy of the other eliminated contestants. They vote for who should win, and the winner gets one million dollars. This show has experience d a lot of success. It is commonly considered the â€Å"mother of American reality TV† because it experienced high ratings and was very profitable. It’s currently had twenty-two seasons and three-hundred and two episodes. Over the years, Survivor has been set in many different places such as Thailand, Polynesia, Australia, Malaysia, Vanuatu, Panama, to name a few. The most recent season is based in the beach of San Juan del Sur, Nicaragua.

Role of Examination in Education Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Role of Examination in Education - Assignment Example Whether physically, mentally, emotionally, and even in the spiritual and financial, it plays a big part on the success of the examination. As Physical education's primary goals include: the development of motor skills and physical fitness; and with the inclusion of growth in the cognitive and affective domains; social interaction and the encouragement to appreciate the successes and achievements of others. It is therefore, worthy to try to understand one's self and the pressures and forces which makes one respond or react, and be able to prepare for it. Mental preparation or the kind of mind setting is important in taking an exam. A mind that is already defeated beforehand would of course produce a negative result. Worrying on whether to pass or not tends the body to get tensed and muscles tighten. The state of being of an individual before taking an exam matters for it stabilizes one's focus and concentration, and be able to filter information needed to answer most especially essay questions. An examiner is able to organise insights and ideas needed to explain or support his propositions thus, making a desirable or excellent result. With the very nature of time that it cannot be recycled, time management is very significant to an examination result. ... Though some are wise in time management, constraints happen when less time is left to complete the answers. Reading Comprehension/Understanding instructions/Vocabulary Instructions direct the orderliness of an examiner's answers, and poorly constructed instructions would lead to failing examination result - both on the teacher's and the examiner. However, part of the instruction is the ability to understand the requirement of the question. Wherein in most cases, and as a result of the examination, uninformed candidates made little analysis or careful reading on questions and attempted to use whatever knowledge they had regardless of the question. As it is considered to be one of the common hindrances in producing good examination results, students suffering from it are the ones that fail. Reading may be a skill, but common problems during examinations, many students fail to achieve marks because of the inability to understand terminology with specific words or phrases highlighted in the question. It is often misunderstood especially those relating to work covered in the AS course. With the exception of the few, there were candidates who found it difficult to describe terms and consequently gave rather vague and rambling responses. The use of technical language, particularly in the synoptic questions, remains weak for many candidates. Using non-technical language will often result in candidates giving vague and generalised responses that normally fail to answer the question. As questions should be clear resulting to 'clear' answers, there was a fairly even spread between candidates who were able to identify particular body types and those

Reality Television shows Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reality Television shows - Essay Example Reality television began back in the 1950s. The show that is dubbed as â€Å"the granddaddy of reality TV† was a show known as Candid Camera. This show aired in 1948, and it was basically centered on taping how people would react to pranks, much like Punk’d. This show was responsible for placing hidden cameras or microphones in backyards or households, they were already there in the eyes and ears of concerned and vigilant citizens encouraged by government propaganda to report any signs of â€Å"un-American† activity (Holmes and Jermyn, 35). The very first Miss America pageant was aired in 1954, making the winner an instant celebrity. Since then, there have been many reality shows that have taken the nation by storm. Shows such as The Dating Game, An American Family, Big Brother, The Real World, American Idol, and so much more. People keep coming back to the show because they can associate to it, they fact that it’s unscripted makes the characters on the sh ow more relatable, and it offers you an inside view to almost anywhere. The hidden camera could document the world of institutions, from the judiciary system to the mental hospital (Oullette and Murray, 25) There are many genres on the reality TV front; one that is picking a lot of fans is the Reality competition genre. These shows follow the format of non-tournament elimination contests. The common scenario is the participants are filmed competing to win a prize, often living together in a confined environment. Usually, it goes on until only one person or one team is left, and they’re declared the winner/s. The elimination can be done either by voting, or by judges selecting who passes through. Examples of such shows are Big Brother, American Idol, America’s Got Talent, Star Search, etc. These shows don’t just come to mind. Social scientists continue to serve as consultants in reality TV to this day, screening contestants for shows and helping to design situati ons and guidelines for interaction (Oullette and Murray, 26). One show that has captivated is Survivor. This show was created in 1997 by Charlie Parsons. It premiered on May 31, 2000 on CBS. It was hosted by Jeff Probst and produced by Mark Burnett. As a result of the show, the latter has a second career as a management consultant, serving as motivational speaker and helping executives develop skills to compete effectively in the corporate â€Å"jungle† (Oullette and Murray, 27). The show centers on a group of castaways in different tribes left out in the middle of nowhere, and they must search and provide their own food, shelter, water, fire and they must look out for themselves. There are weekly challenges where rewards such as fine food, or much-needed rest is offered. The last three or two that are left standing are usually left at the mercy of the other eliminated contestants. They vote for who should win, and the winner gets one million dollars. This show has experience d a lot of success. It is commonly considered the â€Å"mother of American reality TV† because it experienced high ratings and was very profitable. It’s currently had twenty-two seasons and three-hundred and two episodes. Over the years, Survivor has been set in many different places such as Thailand, Polynesia, Australia, Malaysia, Vanuatu, Panama, to name a few. The most recent season is based in the beach of San Juan del Sur, Nicaragua.

Analysis of the Use of Tag Questions Essay Example for Free

Analysis of the Use of Tag Questions Essay Tag questions are those fragments at the end of a sentence when a person is asking to be affirmed. Instead of a statement being declarative or imperative, the use of the interrogative fragment at the end of the sentence reformulates the statement into a tag question (Akmajian 2001). Examples of variations of tag questions include â€Å"†¦, will you? †, â€Å"†¦, isn’t it? †, â€Å"†¦, okay? †, and â€Å"†¦, right? † Use of these interrogative fragments at the end of sentences are often referred to as leading questions, in that the questioner is desiring the answerer to verify what one is saying is true. In studying the use of tag questions among random groups of people of varying occupations and genders, it is interesting to note the ways in which certain tag questions are used in a wide range of settings. Men and women differ in their use of particular tag questions, as do people who are more or less familiar with one another (Lakoff, 1973). People from different cultures also use tag questions in various ways, placing emphasis on different word choices in various settings (Moore Podesva, 2009). This study aims to describe the ways in which tag questions are used in various populations and to make an assessment of the most widely used tag questions. In narrowing down the tag questions being studied, it is assumed that â€Å"okay† and â€Å"right† are the most commonly used tag questions. â€Å"Okay† is a tag question which is more open-ended and allows for the answerer to have more leeway in answering negatively. â€Å"Right† is a tag questions which is more close-ended and places more pressure on the answerer to answer affirmatively. In beginning to study linguistic patterns and collect data, it is hypothesized that the most often used tag question will be the use of the tag â€Å"okay†, with â€Å"right† being used more often by males than females. Methodology In studying the linguistic patterns of people in speech and writing, data was collected about the speakers and contextual situations, including the tag question being used, the gender of the questioner, the gender of the answerer, the familiarity of questioner and answerer, and the channel of communication. There were various situations in which the use of tag questions was identified, including discussions between men, women, elderly, adults, children, spouses, coworkers, friends, and strangers, and in informal settings, formal settings, stores, workplaces, face to face, telephone, and electronic messaging. Each noted tag question was recorded in a small notebook, collecting data on the diverse amounts of tag questions being used in a wide range of natural settings. By paying attention to nearby conversations and online messages, one is able to gather a significant amount of information about linguistic patterns, including the prominence and level of occurrence of various tag questions. It is important for linguistic researchers to be good listeners and to make careful observations of the situations they are attempting to describe. The moment in which a tag question is utilized comes very suddenly, and the good linguist has one’s ears perked for these significant moments and is able to take a virtual snapshot of the scene, including and emphasizing the use of language. In this study, 50 different random occurrences of the use of tag questions in society were collected, with significant identifiers and situational circumstances being recorded.

Human Resource Management in the FMCG Industry

Human Resource Management in the FMCG Industry Human resource management (HRM) is that part of management process which makes, enhances, manages and develops the human element of the enterprise measuring their resourcefulness in terms of talents, abilities, total skills, creative, knowledge, and potentialities for effectively contributing to the organizational objectives. Human resources are precious and a source of competitive advantage. Human resources may be tapped most effective by mutually standard policies which promote promise and foster an inclination in employees to act flexibly in the interests of the adaptive organizations pursuit of excellence. Human resource policies can be joined with planned business and used to reinforce appropriate culture. Human resources play a critical role in enabling the organization to effectively deal with the external environment challenges. The human resource management has been accepted as a strategic partner in the formulation of organizations strategies and in the implementation of such strategies through human resource planning, employment, training, appraisal and rewarding the personnel. Strategic management of human resources facilitates creation of competitive advantage for the organization over its rival by building unique human resource based competence. An organizations recruitment, selection, training, performance management process and compensation practices can have a strong influence on employee competence. Company output increase if the management can hire more experience well qualified candidate. Performance appraisal takes in account the past performance of the employees and focuses on their improvement for the future performance of the employees through counseling, coaching or training. The human resource strategy of a business should reflect and support the corporate strategy. An effective human resource strategy includes the way in which the organization pans to develop its employees and provide them with suitable opportunities and better working conditions so that their optional contribution is ensured. This implies selecting the best available personnel, ensuring a fit between the employee and the job and retaining, empowering and motivating employees to perform well in the direction of corporate objectives. Statement of Purpose Consumer packaged goods (CPG) Organization, alternatively called as FMCG industry mainly deals with the production, marketing and selling of consumer packaged goods. The FMCG or Fast Moving Consumer Goods are those goods which are generally consumed at a regular interval by the consumers. FMCG industry has some of the main activities like financing, selling, purchasing, marketing etc. The industry also contributes or also involved in general management supply chain, operations and production. FMCG industry gives a variety of consumables and consequently the amount of money is very high which is circulated against FMCG products. Day by day the competition between the FMCG producers is increasing consequently the investment in FMCG industry is increasing. FMCG Sector in India is estimated to grow at a very high rate by 2012. PRIME FMCG PRODUCTS Some general FMCG product categories include dairy products and food, drinks, coffee, tea, tobacco and cigarettes, glassware, paper products, pharmaceuticals, dry cells, electronics, prepacked food products, plastic goods, watches, greeting cards, soaps, printing and stationery, household products, detergents, photography, drinks etc. In FMCG industry some of the features which made this organization as a strong distribution networks are small operational cost, as a prospective one, presence of renowned FMCG companies. Population growth is also one of the major factors behind the success of this industry. Introduction GOOD FOOD, GOOD LIFE NESTLE is a very popular brand in all over the world. It basically supplies packaged food. It was established and has headquartered in Vevey, Switzerland. Nestle was established in 1905 when the two companies was merged. The first company was established in 1866 by Page Brothers to produce milk products and their company name was Anglo-Swiss Milk Company in Cham, Switzerland and the second one was Farine Lactà ©e Henri Nestlà © Company to supplies an infant food product set up in 1867 by Henri Nestlà ©. Nestlà ©s have a trademark (birds in a nest), derived from Henri Nestlà ©s personal coat of arms, evoke the values upon which he founded his Company. Nestlà ©s have their no. of brands which are well-known worldwide; list of all the products has made the company a international market master. Some of their famous products are coffee, chocolate, ice cream, confectionery, milk, pet food bottled water. FAMILY OF NESTLE Family of NESTLE consists of products related to: Milk Nutrition Beverages Prepared dishes cooking aids Chocolates confectioneries NESTLE is one of the well known FMCG company. In the Every part of the world, the Nestlà © name represents a commitment or promise to the customer that the product is of high standard and safe. NESTLE support the UNGC (United Nations Global Compacts). UNGC guiding principles on human rights, their aim and labour to offer an example of better labour practices and human rights all over his business activities. Nestle people played a major role for his success. Nestle people give the equal respect and dignity to each other and expect from the every employee to share and contribute their opinions and views to improve Company personal development and results and also promote a sense of personal responsibility. Nestle recruit motivated and competent people, who know and respect our values, provide equal opportunities for their advancement, development, protect their privacy and do not tolerate any form of discrimination or harassment. Human resources of an organization can provide it with a reasonable advantage over its competitors in the fast changing environment. This calls for the strategic management of human resources for the accomplishment of corporate objectives. STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT is called as the linking of strategic goals with human resources. No. of objectives in order to enhance or to develop an organizational culture, to improve organization performance and that fosters flexibility, innovation, and sustainable competitive advantage is called. HRM practices of an organization give its an edge over its competitors, thereby leading to strategic human resource management. KEY FACTORS OF SHRM PROCESS The outcomes of the Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) process which should be evaluated both qualitatively as well as quantitatively. The business strategy it alters and is altered by the SHRM process and which provide the business a good thought of direction. The external environment which is flexible and dynamic in the present global business scenario. The internal environment The general culture and the organizational context which is prevalent in the organization. VISUAL DEPICTION OF THE SHRM PROCESS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT WITH BUSINESS OUTCOME STRONG AND FOCUSED VISION HUMAN RESOURCING OPEN COMMUNICATION PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL CHALLENGES AND ADVENTURES SHARING OF INFORMATION SHAPING THE WORKING CULTURE CONTINUOUS DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF STRATEGIC HRM PLANNING PROCESS Strategic human resource management is the process by which managers design the mechanisms of an HRM system to be reliable with each other, with the organizations plans and goals and with other essentials of organizational architecture. The main role of strategic HRM is the improvement of an HRM system that increases an organizations awareness, worth, invention, and productivity to customers. Strategic human resource planning (SHRP) involves four distinct stages: Situational analysis/environmental scanning. Estimating demand for human resources. Analyzing the supply of human resources. Developing action plans to close any gap between human resource demand and supply. The first stage of HR planning is the point at which strategic planning and HRM interact. HR planners anticipate sources of threats and identify and should drive the organizations strategic planning and opportunities with the help of Environmental scanning. The strategic ideas or plan implement to environmental circumstances, and HR planning is the mechanisms that an organization can use to accomplish this adaptation process. The second stage, forecasting demand, requires estimating not only how many but also what kinds of employees will be needed by the organization. The demand for employees should be closely tied to the strategic direction of the organization. Forecasting yields advance estimates of the organizations staffing requirements. This is a difficult task, especially for organizations in rapidly changing environments. Four forecasting techniques include expert estimates, trend projections, statistical modeling, and unit-demand forecasting. Estimate by no of expert, a group of experienced or expert provides the organization with demand estimates based on subjective assessments of available economic, intuition, prior experience, and labor force indicators. Trend projection involves forecasting which is based on a previous relationship between the employment and a factor related to employment (e.g. sales levels). Statistical modeling techniques (e.g. regression analysis or Markov analysis) are mor e quantitative forecasting and sophisticated techniques. Unit-demand forecasting requires the unit managers (e.g. department head, project team leader) to analyze the present and future job-by-job, people-by-people needs. The third phase involves studying the number and types of current employees in terms of the training and skills necessary for the future and also the supply of capable workers in the outside labor market. The skills inventory is a major tool used to assess the internal supply of employees. A skills inventory is a list of names, skills and characteristics of the people currently working for the organization. The list of skills coded into the skills inventory should be tailored to the needs for the organization, but might include such factors as level and field of education, knowledge of a foreign language, professional qualification or certification, or licenses held. The organized inventory provides a way to acquire these data and makes them available as needed in an efficient manner. Also important is the need to maintain the inventory so that information is kept current. With regard to the external labor market, the entire country (or world) may be the relevant labor market for hig hly skilled jobs. For unskilled jobs the relevant labor market is usually the local community. After the HR planning system has analyzed both the supply of and the demand for future workers, the two forecasts are compared to determine what, if any, actions are necessary. If a discrepancy exists between the two estimates, the organization needs to choose an appropriate course of action designed to eliminate the gap. The organization has a number of options available when the demand for workers is greater than the supply of workers. The organization might elect to use overtime work with current employees, increase training and promotions of current employees, or recruit new employees. In tight labor markets, the availability of labor is limited (i.e. demand exceeds supply), driving up the price of those employees who are hired, and limiting the extent to which the organization can be selective in its hiring procedures. In a loose labor market, qualified employees are abundant. When the supply of workers exceeds demand, alternative solutions include attrition, early retirements, demotions, layoffs, and terminations. STRATEGIC HRM AT NESTLE Nestlà © aims to increase the business, list of customers, profits and sales but, at the same time, to improve the Standard of living everywhere it is active and the quality of life for everyone. Nestlà © is also convinced that nestle employees is the strength of the Company and it is impossible to achieved without their energy and their commitment, which makes people its most important asset. Involvement of people and also showing their interest at all levels starts with the basic and appropriate information on the Companys activities and also on the specific aspects of their work. Through shared their views, ideas and communication and focused vision, everyone is invited to share and contribute there opinions and views to improvements enhancing Company personal development and results. Currently human resource is the term which is in demand of every organization. By using the HR policies companies are able to describe the combination of organizational management personnel functions with achievement, Knowledge, relation between employees, employees experience and how to utilize resource at different levels. PURPOSE By using the HR policies an organization can be transparent with their employees on organization environment Employee expectation from the company Company expectation from their employees What are the company policies and how the polices apply. What are the acceptable behavior What is the behavior of the workforce that cant be accepted? The policies are basically used to help an organization to explain that it reach the requirements for training, variety, principles. If an Organization want to fire any employee in this case it may be necessary for the organization to show the reason of the complaint with the employee contract and also all the others legal documents. HR management policies are important for those companies that do not want and personnel issues in future. Complete HR solution which covers human resource policy solutions, evaluation services, professional human resource advice and job description writing given to the customers. Common Sense would seem to dictate the necessity of having written policies and procedures covering all aspects of the employee/organization relationship. Yet, there are organizations with few or no written policies. In fact, there are organizations that have never considered developing policies and procedures-written or otherwise. There are organizations with written policies and procedures that read well but have no relationship to the needs of the organization/company or employees. There are organizations with elaborate sets of policies and procedures that no one seems to read, let alone follow, and there are organizations that appear to use their policies and procedures primarily as rules for identifying and punishing infractions. In actuality, HR policies- Provide clear communication between organization/company and its employees regarding conditions of employment. Form a basis for treating all employees fairly and equally. Are a set of guidelines for supervisors and managers. Create a basis for developing employee handbooks. Establish a basis for regularly reviewing possible changes affecting employees. To fulfill all these purposes and objectives, Policies should: Be clear and specific, but provide adequate flexibility to meet changing conditions. Comply with all appropriate federal and state laws and regulations. STEPS FOR SHRM Job Design Recruitment Selection Training Development Pay structure Benefits Performance Management Rewards and Incentives Maintenance: Welfare JOB DESIGN: Job design refers to the way the tasks are combines to form a complete job. Job design is a process which joins the intrinsic and extrinsic relationship, tasks, and the candidate experiences and educations required like knowledge, qualification, skill and capabilities for every type of task that meet the requirements of organization and employees. The job design under NESTLE is a very detailed and based on strategic process. The company incorporates practices like Job Enrichment and Job Enlargement, to motivate employees and to break the monotony of their job tasks. The correspondent herself works in both sales and brand management departments, which is an example of job enlargement. Nestle HR policy- Nestle group used this policy to covers those rules which create a sound basis for well-organized and active HR Management around the world. 2. RECRUITMENT SELECTION: Recruitment is the process of developing and maintaining adequate manpower resources. Recruitment is basically a process to select the interested candidates and divide the candidates in different- pool of prospective employees, so that the recruiters are able to select the right candidate from this pool. The recruitment process at Nestle is clearly defined. People with qualities like dynamism, realism, loyalty, pragmatism, hard work, honesty and reliable. Match between candidates values companys culture. Recruitment for management levels takes place in the head office and all others at the branch level. The existing employees are promoted to higher posts as per the requirements. There are no lateral recruitments. Another source of recruitment is campus placements and human resource consultancies. Selection-Combination of written test, GD interview (Interviews for top Management posts). 3. TRAINING DEVELOPMENT: Training is a major and also an important part of organized activity for increasing the skills and knowledge of people and also to understand the deep knowledge of task that what they have to perform or for a definite purpose. It involves systematic procedures for imparting technical know-how to the employees so as to increase their knowledge and skills for doing specific jobs with proficiency. From the Company floor to the upper management, training at Nestlà © is continuous. Nestlà © people provide this training and it is constantly appropriate to the professional life. Nestle provides the following- Literacy training-to upgrades essential literacy skills, especially for workers who operate new equipment (Mission-directed Work Team Approach). Employees are also sent abroad to study markets, consumer tastes etc. Nestle Apprenticeship Programmes. Local Training Programmes-on issues ranging from technical, leadership, and communication and business economics. Employees are also sent abroad to study markets, consumer tastes etc. Nestle people development review- this policy throws light on Nestlà ©s culture and core values, different training programs and life of employees after work. Nestle leadership and management principles- it describe the management style and the corporate values of the Nestlà © Group, specifically in the area of interpersonal relations. 4. PAY STRUCTURE: Pay Structure is basically used to set the salary structure of the employees according to the level of job, or group of jobs and also consider basic salary, overtime and bonus. We can also call pay structure as salary structure. Nestle strives to offer fair remuneration. Remuneration level is above the average in industry. The variable component of the salary is comparatively big to reward individual Performance. In case of higher management level, the variable part is linked to individual team target achievements. 5. BENEFITS: Nestle offers no. of benefits to their employees to fulfill their expectation like Health insurance for his and his family members, PF, reimbursements (Car, Phone) etc. Take all the necessary steps for the protection of the employees during work with Nestle. The following benefits are provided to all employees, with no discrimination- Leave-Personal Medical (fixed no. per year) Children Education Assistance Scheme Provident fund Retirement Gratuity Scheme Group Insurance Accidental Insurance Scheme Conveyance Reimbursements Residential Accommodation Monthly health check-ups free consultation for self family etc. 6. PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT: Performance management includes all standard procedures used to appraise contributions, potentials and personalities of group members in a working organization. It is a process which is important for making accurate and impartial decisions on employees for secure information. At Nestle performance appraisals of Employees are done in order to understand each employees abilities, competencies and relative merit. Formal assessment by Line Managers and HR once a year with feedback. Subordinate can question an unfair evaluation. Specific Key Performance Indicators have been enlisted by the HR department. One of the important key performance indicators is achievement following the Nestle management and leadership principles. Remuneration structure and promotion criteria take into account individual. 7. REWARDS INCENTIVES: it consists of a variety of modules that can be presented to reward employees and identify unique performance. The structure is based on consistent, delivering equitable and fair rewards to a differentiated group to encourage the employees to generate new ideas in improving the workplace productivity and consists of the following non-financial and financial rewards. Passion to Win awards- These quarterly awards have been institutionalized to reward those who over-achieve their targets. Long-service Awards- To recognize employees who have been with the company for more than 30 years. Nestle Idea Award- It was found from the correspondent that the company institutes Nestle Idea Award every quarter to recognize and award employees who come up with relevant and innovative ideas which have the potential of being implemented at Nestle. 8. MAINTENANCE A) EMPLOYEE RELATIONS: Employee Relations involves the body of work concerned with maintaining employer-employee relationships that contribute to satisfactory productivity, motivation, and morale. Essentially, Employee Relations is concerned with preventing and resolving problems which arise out of or affect work situations. Nestle provides a very healthy working environment which is one of the reasons why Nestlà ©s employees state their commitment level to be very high. Employee turnover is less than 5%., which is considered to be very low for a Multinational Corporation. Nestle has a open culture upward communication especially in case of grievance redressal. Work/Life balance is given importance, as illustrated in the Nestle Human Resource Policy document. Nestle Family annual events are organized by their HR department whereby employees along with their families are invited. Emphasis is laid on safety of employees (Nestle Policy on Health and Safety at Work). B) SAFETY HEALTH: Risk assessment must be required in an organization to identify any type of miss happening or danger in the workplace and should be able to identify or known the steps to be taken to handle the condition. The Nestle Operational Safety, Health and Risk-Management Strategy document illustrates that: Nestle is dedicated to safe healthy work environment. Regular safety assessments audits take place by internal external bodies. CHANGE MANAGEMENT Nestle has adjusted to the ever-changing external environment for the last 140 years since its inception 1866 without losing its fundamental views and fundamental values. It manages Change and drives sustainable profitable growth by following the policy of making gradual changes instead of making drastic and risky changes. ERP implementation- In June 2000, Nestle SA signed a contract of $200 million with SAP with additional $80 million for maintenance and consulting to install an ERP system for its global enterprise to maintain centralize a multinational that subsidiaries in 80 countries and have owns 200 operating companies. While the ERP system was likely to have long-term benefits, the project touched the corporate structure and culture. The structure was decentralized, and it tried to centralize it. This was initially opposed by employees but with subsequent measures taken by the HR like training etc., this has been successfully implemented. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The Model employed by Nestle is one of High Performance, High involvement and high commitment. Nestle is unique in the sense that it has been able to successfully inculcate its business objective as well as its core values, consistently in its employees day-to-day activities starting from recruitment till continuous performance appraisals. Like, open and flexible culture is ensured by way of providing training programs to employees at all the levels. This kind of culture is also supported by decentralized structure of Nestle. Transparent performance appraisal systems and the freedom given to them to question their seniors benefit not only the employees but even the organization as a whole. Nestles emphasis on individual achievement is evident from the kind of pay structure HR has designed for its employees. Need to develop consultation/awareness program to assist the employees for their better understanding of the policies. More incentives should be offered to the employees who provide continuous services to the organization. Nestlà ©, maintain their essential principles and fundamental value from their past historical experience from village operation to the international leading food company which is important for long-term achievement and success. Nestle used HR policies from the last many years and as the company size is growing, increase the difficulty to a dimension which make the demands of research and development of its organization. Nestle motivation is depend upon the willingness to understand and to put query about what why it is doing it, along with respect to Nestlà © values, will guarantee its victory.